Looking for:
Ford transit repair manual download |
Ford Transit VM Workshop Manual | PDF | Steering | Axle.
Ford transit repair manual download -
FORD service and maintenance manuals. More information on FORD maintenance and care. Other replacement manuals. DIY Brake pad set replacement. DIY Brake rotors replacement. DIY Hub bearing replacement. How to replace the Poly v-belt on your vehicle. This also applies when connecting a battery charger. Free Download. Circuit Diagram. Car Stereo Wiring. Car Manuals. Service Manual. Search service manual. Lifting Description and Operation. Check for loose front wheel bearings by rocking the wheels at the top and bottom.
Spin the wheel quickly by hand and make sure the wheel turns smoothly without noise from the wheel bearings. Remove the front brake caliper anchor plate. Position a suitable Dial indicator gauge fixture or equivalent, against the wheel hub, then push and pull the wheel hub.
Measure the end play of the wheel hub and front wheel. Item Part Description Item Part Description Number Number 1 Crossmember 4 Lower arm ball joint vehicles with maximum permissible front 2 Lower arm axle load over kg 3 Lower arm ball joint vehicles 5 Wheel knuckle vehicles with with maximum permissible front maximum permissible front axle axle load up to kg load up to kg.
Remove the wheel and tire. Detach the brake hose from the suspension strut. TIE Removal 1. Remove the wheel spindle retaining nut 5. Detach the brake caliper and anchor plate locking ring.
Loosen the wheel spindle retaining nut. Using the wheel hub retaining bolts, install the special tool. Remove the wheel spindle. Attach the wheel spindle retaining nut to the special tool. Remove the wheel hub and brake disc assembly retaining bolts. Using the special tool, remove the wheel hub and brake disc assembly. Remove the brake disc retaining bolts. Attach the wheel hub and brake disc assembly to the wheel spindle and rotate the wheel hub 5 times.
TIE Using a suitable hydraulic press and drift, remove the wheel hub. Install the wheel hub and brake disc assembly. TIE Installation 1. NOTE:Apply high temperature grease to the 4. Attach the brake caliper and anchor plate to mating surfaces of the wheel bearing the wheel knuckle.
Attach the brake disc to the wheel hub. NOTE:Use the old wheel spindle retaining nut. Attach the brake hose to the suspension Install the wheel spindle retaining nut locking strut. Attach the wheel spindle retaining nut locking ring. Install the cotter pin. Install the wheel and tire. CAUTION:Before installing the wheel spindle retaining nut locking ring, remove and discard the old wheel spindle retaining nut and install a new one.
NOTE:Make sure the wheel spindle retaining nut washer is installed. Install the wheel spindle retaining nut and washer. Adaptor for Thrust Pad Loosely assemble the wheel hub and wheel bearing with the press and apply minimum TI load to hold in position.
Using the special tool, install the wheel bearing. Removal 1. Remove the wheel hub. Front Stabilizer Bar 14 0 Removal Installation 1. Remove the front wheels and tires. To install, reverse the removal procedure. Detach the stabilizer bar link from the stabilizer bar on both sides. Lower Arm 14 0 General Equipment 4. Remove the lower arm. Two leg puller. Loosen the lower arm ball joint retaining nut.
Installation 1. Install the lower arm. Use a soft faced hammer to strike the lower arm. Remove and discard the retaining nut. NOTE:Vehicles are equipped with a lower arm ball 1 joint retaining nut with a flat diameter of either 24 mm or 30 mm. Install the lower arm ball joint retaining nut. For additional information, refer to:Specifications Front Suspension, Specifications. Check the toe setting and adjust as necessary.
Secure the lower arm in a vise. Socket, Hub Nut 3. Using a suitable knife, remove the rubber — 14— ends of the lower arm horizontal bushing. Suspension Bushing — 15— Installer, Timing Cover Oil Seal — 21— Remove the lower arm from the vise. Using the special tools, remove the lower 5. Lubricate the lower arm horizontal bushing with grease.
Using the special tools, install the lower arm horizontal bushing. Wheel Knuckle 14 0 General Equipment 1. Release the tie-rod end. Two leg puller 2. Remove and discard the tie-rod end retaining nut. Removal All vehicles 1. Detach the wheel speed sensor from the TIE wheel knuckle. Vehicles with 2.
Loosen the tie-rod end retaining nut. Using a suitable two leg puller, detach the lower arm from the wheel knuckle. Using a suitable two leg puller, detach the tie-rod end from the wheel knuckle.
Remove and discard the lower arm ball joint NOTE:Vehicles are equipped with a lower arm ball retaining nut. Measure the lower arm ball joint retaining 1 nut flat diameter to aid installation.
All vehicles 4. Installation Attach the tie-rod end to the wheel knuckle. All vehicles 1. Install the wheel knuckle. Attach the wheel speed sensor to the wheel knuckle. Install the wheel hub. NOTE:The following step is only required for locking ring. TIE 2. NOTE:The following step is only required for vehicles with a ball joint retaining nut with a flat diameter of 24 mm. NOTE:The following step is only required for NOTE:The following step is only required for vehicles with a ball joint retaining nut with a vehicles with a ball joint retaining nut with a flat flat diameter of 24 mm.
Remove the circlip. Using the special tool, remove the lower arm ball joint. NOTE:The following step is only required for vehicles with a ball joint retaining nut with a flat diameter of 30 mm. Remove the lower arm ball joint.
Remove the lower arm ball joint retaining bolts. Remove the heat shield. Using the special tool, attach the lower arm ball joint to the wheel knuckle. Installation 3. NOTE:The following step is only required for 1. Failure to follow this flat diameter of 24 mm. Using the special tool and a suitable two leg NOTE:Vehicles are equipped with a lower arm ball puller, install the lower arm ball joint.
Measure the lower arm ball joint retaining nut flat diameter to aid installation. NOTE:The following step is only required for vehicles with a ball joint retaining nut with a E flat diameter of 24 mm. Install the circlip. NOTE:Use only the special tool to install the lower arm ball joint to the wheel knuckle.
Do not use any other tools if there is a gap between the lower arm ball joint and the wheel knuckle. Attach the lower arm to the wheel knuckle. Tighten the wheel spindle retaining nut.
Locate the heat shield correctly on to the E lower arm ball joint. Locate the lower arm ball joint correctly. Install the lower arm ball joint retaining bolts. NOTE:Install a new cotter pin. Install the wheel spindle retaining nut locking ring. Install the wheel spindle.
Detach the brake caliper and anchor plate from the wheel knuckle. Remove the driver side wheel and tire. Detach the wheel speed sensor from the strut and spring assembly. Suspend the brake caliper and anchor plate.
Detach the wheel knuckle from the suspension strut. Remove the instrument panel lower panel. Detach the floor covering to access the strut and spring assembly retaining nuts. Remove the strut and spring assembly. Remove the passenger side wheel and tire. Detach the suspension strut from the wheel knuckle.
Remove the glove compartment. Compressor, Coil Spring Adaptors for Disassemble the strut and spring assembly. Remove the thrust bearing retaining nut. Remove the top mount. Disassembly 3. Remove the thrust bearing. Remove the spring seat. Remove the boot. Remove the bump stop. Failure to follow this instruction may result 7.
Remove the spring. Using the special tools, compress the spring. To assemble, reverse the disassembly procedure. Item Description Item Description 1 Stabilizer bar link if equipped 5 Spring, u-bolts and guide plate. Item Description Item Description 1 Beam axle 6 Wheel hub vehicles with rear drum brakes 2 Bump stop 7 Brake load sensor proportioning valve 3 Spring hanger bracket 4 Spring, u-bolts and guide plate 8 Shock absorber 5 Wheel hub vehicles with rear disc brakes.
Rear Stabilizer Bar 15 0 Removal 4. Remove the stabilizer bar. Raise and support the vehicle. Detach the stabilizer bar connecting links from the stabilizer bar.
NOTE:Install new stabilizer bar connecting link to stabilizer bar nuts. Wheel Spindle 15 0 General Equipment 4. Remove the brake fluid reservoir cap. Brake hose clamp. Drain the brake system. Vehicles with rear drum brakes 1. Connect one end of a suitable piece of clear plastic pipe to the brake caliper bleed nipple 2. Remove the brake drum. Loosen the brake caliper bleed nipple. Depress the brake pedal until all the brake fluid is drained from the brake fluid reservoir.
Tighten the brake caliper bleed nipple. Repeat the draining procedure on the opposite side brake caliper. Install the brake fluid reservoir cap. Using a suitable brake hose clamp, clamp Using cable ties, secure the brake backing 8. Disconnect the brake tube from the wheel cylinder. Vehicles with rear disc brakes J Remove the brake disc. For additional information, refer to:Brake 9. Detach the rear wheel speed sensor from Remove and discard the wheel hub retaining the wheel spindle.
Attach the rear wheel speed sensor to the wheel spindle. Installation All vehicles Vehicles with rear drum brakes 5. NOTE:Install a new wheel hub retaining nut. Position the brake backing plate assembly. Measure the wheel hub retaining nut flange diameter to aid installation. E Vehicles with rear disc brakes 3. CAUTION:On vehicles equipped with a 44 mm flange diameter wheel hub retaining nut, make sure that the wheel hub retaining Nm x4 nut washer is installed with the flat face towards the wheel bearing.
Install the brake drum. For additional information, refer to:Wheel and Tire Wheels and Tires, For additional information, refer Removal and Installation. Bleed the brake system. Connect the brake tube to the wheel cylinder. Vehicles with rear disc brakes 14 Nm Install the brake disc. Spring 15 0 General Equipment 5. Remove the spring front nut and bolt. Transmission jack. Using a suitable transmission jack, support the rear axle assembly. Remove the spring U-bolts.
Installation NOTE:Final tightening of the rear suspension components should be carried out when the vehicle weight is on the road wheels. NOTE:Do not fully tighten the spring rear nut at this stage. Install the spring front nut and bolt. Tighten the spring rear nut. Tighten the spring U-bolt nuts in the sequence shown in seven stages.
Install the spring U-bolts. Locate the spring to the rear axle assembly. Install the guide plate and U-bolts. Install the nuts. Lower the vehicle.
Tighten the spring front nut. To maximize tire performance, inspect the tires for During the road test, drive the vehicle on a road signs of incorrect inflation and uneven wear which that is smooth and free of undulations.
If vibration may indicate a need for balancing, rotation or is apparent, note and record the following: suspension alignment. Tires should also be — the speed at which the vibration occurs.
More frequent range. When these indicator bands become visible, new tires must be installed. Severely incorrect toe settings will also cause other This means that the condition can be improved or unusual wear patterns. Tire Vibration Diagnosis. A tire vibration diagnostic procedure always begins Vehicle Speed Sensitive with a road test. The road test and customer interview if available will provide much of the This means that the vibration always occurs at the information needed to find the source of a vibration.
Tire whine can be distinguished from axle vehicle speeds when a different transmission gear noise. Tire whine remains the same over a range is selected. It can sometimes be isolated by of speeds. If the road test indicates that there is tire whine, but no shake or vibration, the noise originates with the contact between the tire and the road surface. Using a suitable dial indicator gauge and holding fixture, CHECK lateral and radial runout of the wheel and tire assemblies.
If that section of the tire appears to waver while being rotated, the tire bead may not be correctly seated on the wheel. Using a suitable dial indicator gauge and holding fixture, CHECK the lateral and radial runout of the wheel and tire assemblies. Inspect the wheel nuts and wheel and tire assembly for damage.
If corrosion is slight, wire brush away. Heat may damage the wheel and wheel hub. Loosen the wheel nuts. Corrosion or dirt on the mounting surfaces may cause the wheel nuts to loosen and the wheel to come off while the vehicle is in motion. Clean the wheel, wheel hub and brake drum mounting surfaces.
Install the wheel and tire assembly. Tighten the wheel nuts. Place the vehicle on a wheel free lift and rotate the driveshaft by hand.
Check for rough operation or seized universal joints. Inspection and Verification Inspection for Bent Rear Axle Certain axle noise or vibration symptoms are also common to the engine, transmission, wheel 1. REFER bearings, tires and other parts of the vehicle. For to: Jacking and Lifting this reason, make sure that the cause of the trouble is in the axle before disassembling, adjusting or Jacking Description and Operation , repairing the axle. Allow the rear axle to be freely suspended.
Use white chalk or paint to mark a vertical line Noise, Vibration and Harshness, on the center of each rear tire. Diagnosis and Testing. Certain driveshaft vibration symptoms are common to the engine accessory drive, the engine, transmission or tires.
Make sure the cause of the concern is the driveshaft before repairing or installing a new driveshaft. NOTE:A gear driven unit will produce a certain 3. Adjust both wheels so that the markings face amount of noise. Some noise is acceptable and the front of the vehicle. With a tape measure, audible at certain speeds or under various driving measure the distance between the marks and conditions such as a newly tarmaced road.
Slight note this measurement front measurement. Rotate the rear wheels so the markings are directly underneath the vehicle. With a tape measure, measure the distance between the marks and note this measurement bottom measurement. Rotate the rear wheels so the markings face the rear of the vehicle.
With a tape measure, measure the distance between the marks and note this measurement rear measurement. Compare the front and the rear measurements Steps 3 and 5 to find the toe - in or toe - out Analysis of Leakage condition.
To determine camber, find the average of the pressure buildup. Subtract the bottom measurement Step 4 Make sure axle oil level is 6 - 14 mm below the from this number. Negative - camber is when the bottom measurement is greater than the NOTE:If a blocked vent cannot be cleared, install average of the front and rear measurements.
The results of the calculations in Steps 6 and 7 A blocked vent will cause excessive oil seal lip must conform to the following specification: wear due to internal pressure buildup. If a leak occurs, check the vent. Make sure the vent hose Toe - in: 0 - 1. Remove the hose from the vent Toe - out: 0 - 4. While the hose is removed, pass a length of mechanics wire or a small diameter Allen key in If the axle housing does not meet these and out of the vent to clean it.
Connect the hose specifications, a new axle housing must be when done. After the axle housing has been installed, repeat Leaks at the axle drive pinion oil seal orginate for steps the previous steps.
Follow the diagnosis procedure unless The axle drive pinion oil seal can be torn, cut, or there is a good reason to suspect the axle. The rubber oil seal lips can occasionally become Tires hard like plastic with cracks at the lip contact point.
Marks, tires while they are mounted on the vehicle. Use Axle drive pinion oil seal wear 1. A new drive pinion flange must be installed if any Most vibration in the rear end is caused by tires or of these conditions exist.
Metal chips or sand trapped at the oil seal lip may Vibration is a concern with modern, high - mileage also cause oil leaks. They also require more accurate When an oil seal leak occurs, install a new oil seal balancing. Wheel and tire runout checks, truing and check the vent. Make sure they are clean and and balancing are normally done before axle free of foreign material. The axle shaft oil seals are susceptible to the same kinds of damage as axle drive pinion oil seals if Driveline Angle incorrectly installed.
The oil seal bore must be clean and the oil seal lip handled carefully to avoid Driveline angularity is the angular relationship cutting or tearing it.
The axle shaft journal surface between the engine crankshaft, the driveshaft, and must be free of nicks, gouges, and rough surface the rear axle drive pinion. Factors determining texture. Item Description 1 Bottom of the frame Universal Joint Wear 2 Engine crankshaft centerline Place the vehicle on a wheel free lift and rotate the 3 Engine angle driveshaft by hand.
NOTE:Clean the wheel hub flange with 7 Axle drive pinion angle abrasive paper before positioning the dial indicator gauge with magnetic base. An incorrect driveline drive pinion angle can often be detected by the driving condition in which the Position the dial indicator with magnetic base vibration occurs. Zero the indicator dial. When these conditions exist, check the driveline angles. E If the tires and driveline angle are not the cause, carry out the NVH tests to determine whether the 2.
Rotate the wheel hub or axle flange one full turn concern is caused by a condition in the axle. Pilot runout must not exceed Diagnosis and Testing. The initial the runout of the axle shaft itself. The forged clues are the type of noise heard during the road unmachined part of the axle shaft is allowed to test.
This alone will not cause a vibration condition. Gear Howl and Whine 1. Position the dial indicator gauge on the wheel hub or axle flange face, as close to the outer Howling or whining of the ring gear and drive pinion edge as possible. Bearing Whine Bearing whine is a high - pitched sound similar to a whistle. It is usually caused by worn or damaged drive pinion bearings, which are operating at driveshaft speed. Bearing noise occurs at all driving speeds. This distinguishes it from gear whine which usually comes and goes as speed changes.
ELE As noted, drive pinion bearings make a high - pitched, whistling noise, usually at all speeds. Rotate the wheel hub or axle flange one full turn however there is only one drive pinion bearing that and note the maximum and minimum is worn or damaged, the noise may vary in different measurements.
The difference between the driving phases. New drive pinion bearings must maximum and minimum measurements will be not be installed unless scoring or damage is found the total face runout. The runout must not or there is a specific drive pinion bearing noise. A exceed 0. Examine the large diameter of the rollers for wear.
If the drive pinion bearings original Drive Pinion and Drive Pinion Flange blend radius has worn to a sharp edge, a new front and rear drive pinion bearing must be installed. Check the drive pinion flange runout when all other checks have failed to show the cause of vibration. NOTE:A low - pitched rumble normally associated with a worn or damaged wheel bearing can be One cause of excessive drive pinion flange runout caused by an exterior luggage rack or tires. Check to see if the spring on the oil seal lip A wheel bearing noise can be mistaken for a drive has been dislodged before installing a new ring pinion bearing noise.
Check the wheel bearing for gear and drive pinion. Install a new wheel bearing if any of these concerns are detected. Axle Noise NOTE:Before disassembling the axle to diagnose and correct gear noise, eliminate the tires, exhaust system, trim items, roof racks, axle shafts and wheel bearings as possible causes. Follow the diagnostic procedures.
Install a new axle shaft if any damage is detected. Chuckle Chuckle that occurs on coasting is usually caused by excessive clearance between the differential gear wheel hub and the differential case bore.
Damage to a gear tooth on the coast side can cause a noise identical to a chuckle. A very small tooth nick or ridge on the edge of a tooth can cause ELE the noise.
If metal has broken loose, the axle housing must Clean the gear tooth nick or ridge with a small be cleaned to remove particles that will cause grinding wheel. If the damaged area is larger than damage. At this time if any other damaged parts 3.
Wipe the gears dry or blow them dry with compressed air. Look for scored or damaged teeth. Knock Also look for cracks or other damage. Knock, which can occur on all driving phases, has If either gear is scored or damaged badly, a new several causes including damaged teeth or gearset.
In most cases, one of the following conditions will occur:. Clamp common cause of the knock. This can usually the other end of the bar or pipe to the frame be corrected by grinding the damaged area.
NOTE:Measure the end play with a dial indicator gauge and not by feel. Lower the vehicle so that one rear wheel is resting on a wheel chock to prevent it from The knock is also caused by excessive end play turning.
The other rear wheel will be used to in the axle shafts. Up to 0. The frequency of the knock will be less because the axle shaft speed is 5. Rotate the free wheel slowly, by hand, until the slower than the driveshaft. Place a mark on the side of the tire, mm from the center of the wheel, with a crayon or Clunk chalk. It is caused by backlash somewhere 7. Measure the length of the mark on the tire.
To correct this condition, backlash. Follow the procedure for the type lubricate the slip - yoke splines. Axle Jacking Description and Operation , shaft bearing noise will usually distinguish itself Lifting Description and Operation.
Remove the driveshaft. If the vehicle makes this noise, remove 3. Install the special tool. Re - evaluate the vehicle for noise before removing any internal components. If the axle does not operate, it may be caused by broken welds or wheel bearing wear or damage.
Bearing Rumble Broken Welds Bearing rumble sounds like marbles being tumbled. This condition is usually caused by a worn or If axle housing welds are completely broken, install damaged wheel bearing. The lower pitch is a new axle housing.
Wheel bearing noise also may be high - pitched, similar to gear noise, Wheel Bearing Wear or Damage but will be evident in all driving modes. Because of the severe loads they must handle, new wheel bearings may be required at high mileage. If a wheel bearing fails at low mileage, it is often caused by overloading.
Component Tests drivetrain and accelerate to the observed road test speed to verify the presence of the vibration. Driveline Vibration If the vibration is not evident, check the nondriving wheels with a wheel balancer to rule Driveline vibration exhibits a higher frequency and out imbalance as a possible cause.
If required, lower amplitude than does high - speed shake. If the vibration is still evident, proceed of the vehicle and is usually noticed at various to the following step. Driveline vibration can be perceived as a tremor in the floor pan or is heard as a rumble, 2. Mark the relative position of the drive wheels to hum or boom.
No comments:
Post a Comment